Eusebius on Psalm 69:7-9

The following is a machine translation of Eusebius' Commentary on the Psalms, at Septuagint Psalm 68 (Psalm 69), Section 5 (corresponding to Psalm 69:7-9).  As a huge word of caution.  This is a machine translation of an underlying text that is in process of scholarly review.  The Greek text may not be perfect, and the English translation thereof may leave a lot to be desired.  I present this here mainly for my own convenience, although also for the curiosity of folks who may have an interest in the subject

 That thou hast been a reproachful man,

...my face hath revealed shame.

I was born a stranger to my brethren,

and a stranger to my mother's sons.

that the jealousy of thy house hath devoured me.

and the dreams of the dreamers have fallen upon me.

Other men, say they, are subject to trials and reproaches for their sins: but I, who have not sinned against thee, have suffered reproaches: for thou, O benevolent God, hast made me sin for the race of men, as they that believe in us are born unto righteousness.

But even thine own self-suffering dreaming, for the sake of thy counsel thou hast emptily and unto death humbled him, while they that stood before me blasphemed, moving their heads, and saying, O thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days, save thyself: if thou be the son of God, come down from the cross. And likewise the chief priests also, mocking after the priests and scribes and Pharisees, said, He hath saved others, he cannot save himself. If he be king of Israel, let him now come down from the cross, and let us believe on him.

That thou hast been in thy mind a reverie,

...that my face may be revealed in shame.

For not for our sins, nor for unlawful deeds, but for thy sake, and for thy foreknowledge, I have suffered reproach, and my face hath revealed shame; or, according to the Confederate,

I have uncovered his face in ugliness.

And all these things I have endured. I have endured them all. But also...

I was born an alien to my brethren,

and a stranger to my mother's sons.

And there were two orders in this place: the one of his brethren indeed, to whom he was born a stranger; and the other of his mother's sons, not of his brethren, to whom he was born a stranger. And have no sons of his mother's mother, being brethren, and serve them in like manner to the former. But he called not her mother's sons brethren, as being in the first order of his brethren that were called, that is to say, in the first order of his brethren that were called.

To his brethren also his disciples, of whom also he saith hereafter, I will call thy name unto my brethren, and in the midst of the church will I sing praises unto thee. and in the gospel of Mary, which appeared after the resurrection from the dead, he said, Go unto my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my father, and the father of you, and my god, and the god of you. But he was born an alienated man to his brethren in the time of the passion which was declared, when all his disciples, being his masters, fled from him, even he, and Peter the chief of the apostles, denied him the third time.

To these he was born a stranger and an alienated man; and to his mother's children, not being his brothers, he became a stranger. Now the gospel of his brethren and his mother is remembered, when he came to his own country, and taught in the synagogue, as if to astonish them, saying, Whence is this wisdom and these powers? is not this the son of the slayer? is not his mother, and his brethren, and his sisters, and his brethren all of them, coming to us? Whence is all this? If we take the sons that are called by the name of his mother in the hand, we must take the holy virgin mother and the rest of his brethren.

But it appears that James his brother, his brother of the oracle, was not alienated from his cause, nor alienated from his faith, nor from his very true disciples, as well as the first to receive the throne of the church in Jerusalem. And the rest of his brethren, though they believed not in him at the first, but afterward professed to believe in him. And they have told the gospel, as his mother and his brethren came out seeking to hear it. And in the Acts of the apostles it is said, as if the apostles were all together, worshipping prayer with Mary his mother and his brethren. So that it is not lawful to speak of them,

I was born an alien to my brethren,

and a stranger to my mother's children.

For he is not a stranger of these, but an honest man: for as a mother, so his chosen brethren, his sons, are of Mary: but if there be beside them the sons of his mother, called by the psalm, to whom he was born a stranger.

Now we know not the mother of the congregation of the Jews, and all the kindred in the flesh of the circumcision: but the sons of this mother, which denied him, and the peacemakers: and him we know not whence he is: for he said unto them, because they thought him a stranger, Why do ye not think of the woman of the Lamb? That ye cannot hear my word. and he that knew him spake again, saying, How shall we say that thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil? he said unto them, I have spoken in my father's name, and ye receive me not: if any man come in my own name, him ye shall receive.

So he became a stranger and an alien to the sons of his mother's womb: and all these things he suffered for the cause chosen, which he necessarily presented, saying.

Translation Credit:

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

Based on the following Greek Text:

Ὅτι ἕνεκά σου ὑπήνεγκα ὀνειδισμόν,

ἐκάλυψεν ἐντροπὴ τὸ πρόσωπόν μου.

ἀπηλλοτριωμένος ἐγενήθην τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου,

καὶ ξένος τοῖς υἱοῖς τῆς μητρός μου·

ὅτι ὁ ζῆλος τοῦ οἴκου σου κατέφαγέν με

καὶ οἱ ὀνειδισμοὶ τῶν ὀνειδιζόντων σε ἐπέπεσαν ἐπ᾽ ἐμέ.

Οἱ μὲν λοιποὶ, φησὶν, ἄνθρωποι δι’ οἰκείας ἁμαρτίας ἐλέγχοις καὶ ὀνειδισμοῖς ὑποβάλλονται· ἐγὼ δὲ ὁ μὴ γνοὺς ἁμαρτίαν ἕνεκά σου ὑπήνεγκα ὀνειδισμόν· ἐπειδήπερ σὺ αὐτὸς ὁ φιλάνθρωπος θεὸς ὑπὲρ τοῦ τῶν ἀνθρώπων γένους ἁμαρτίαν με ἐποίησας, ὅπως οἱ πιστεύοντες εἰς ἐμὲ γένωνται δικαιοσύνη.

Ἀλλὰ καὶ ἕνεκά σου ὑπήνεγκα ὀνειδισμὸν, διὰ τὴν σὴν βουλὴν κενώσας ἐμαυτὸν καὶ μέχρις θανάτου ταπεινώσας, καθ’ ὃν καιρὸν οἱ παραπορευόμενοι ἐβλασφήμουν κινοῦντες τὰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν καὶ λέγοντες· οὐὰ ὁ καταλύων τὸν ναὸν, καὶ ἐν τρισὶν ἡμέραις οἰκοδομῶν, σῶσον σεαυτόν. εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ, κατάβηθι ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ. ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς ἐμπαίζοντες μετὰ τῶν ἱερέων καὶ Γραμματέων καὶ Φαρισαίων ἔλεγον· ἄλλους ἔσωσεν, ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται σῶσαι. εἰ βασιλεὺς Ἰσραήλ ἐστι, καταβάτω νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ, καὶ πιστεύσομεν αὐτῷ. πέποιθεν ἐπὶ τὸν θεόν· ῥυσάσθω αὐτὸν, εἰ θέλει αὐτόν. εἶπε γὰρ, ὅτι θεοῦ υἱός εἰμι. ταῦτα δὴ οὖν θεσπίζων ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος, φησίν·

Ὅτι ἕνεκά σου ὑπήνεγκα ὀνειδισμόν,

ἐκάλυψεν ἐντροπὴ τὸ πρόσωπόν μου.

Οὐ γὰρ δι’ ἁμαρτίας ἐμὰς, οὐδὲ διὰ παρανόμους πράξεις, ἀλλ’, ἕνεκά σου καὶ τὸν προλεχθέντα ὀνειδισμὸν ὑπέμεινα, καὶ τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ἐκάλυψεν ἐντροπή· ἢ, κατὰ τὸν Σύμμαχον,

Ἐκάλυψεν ἀσχημόνησις τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ.

Καὶ ταῦτα πάντα ὑπέμεινα. φησὶν, ἕνεκά σου, τουτέστιν ἕνεκα τοῦ σοῦ θελήματος. ἀλλὰ καί·

ἀπηλλοτριωμένος ἐγενήθην τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου,

καὶ ξένος τοῖς υἱοῖς τῆς μητρός μου.

Δύο δὲ τάγματα ἐν τούτοις παρίστησιν· ἓν μὲν τὸ τῶν ἀληθῶς ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ, οἷς ἐγενήθη ἀπηλλοτριωμένος· ἕτερον δὲ τὸ τῶν υἱῶν τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ, οὐ μὴν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ, οἷς ἐγενήθη ξένος. καὶ μὴν ἐχρῆν υἱοὺς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ, ὄντας ἀδελφοὺς, καὶ αὐτοὺς ὁμοίως τοῖς προτέροις χρηματίζειν. ἀλλ’ οὐκ ὠνόμασε τοὺς υἱοὺς τῆς μητρὸς ἀδελφοὺς, ὡς ἑτέρους ὄντας δηλαδὴ παρὰ τὸ πρῶτον τάγμα τῶν ὀνομασθέντων ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ.

Εἰς οὖν ἀδελφοὺς μὲν αὐτοῦ γεγονέναι τοὺς αὐτοῦ μαθητὰς, περὶ ὧν καὶ ἐν ἑτέρῳ φησίν· ἀπαγγελῶ τὸ ὄνομά σου τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου, καὶ ἐν μέσῳ ἐκκλησίας ὑμνήσω σε. καὶ ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τῇ Μαρίᾳ φανεὶς μετὰ τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀνάστασιν ἔλεγε· πορεύου πρὸς τοὺς ἀδελφούς μου, καὶ εἶπον αὐτοῖς· ἀναβαίνω πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου καὶ πατέρα ὑμῶν, καὶ θεόν μου καὶ θεὸν ὑμῶν. τούτοις οὖν τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς αὐτοῦ ἀπηλλοτριωμένος ἐγενήθη κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦ δηλουμένου πάθους, ὅτε πάντες οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἀφέντες αὐτὸν ἔφυγον, αὐτός τε ὁ κορυφαῖος τῶν ἀποστόλων Πέτρος ἠρνήσατο αὐτὸν τρίτον.

Τούτοις ξένος καὶ ἀπηλλοτριωμένος ἐγενήθη· τοῖς δὲ υἱοῖς τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ, οὐ μὴν καὶ ἀδελφοῖς οὖσιν αὐτοῦ, ξένος γέγονε. μέμνηται δὲ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ μητρὸς, ὅτε, ἐλθὼν εἰς τὴν πατρίδα αὐτοῦ, ἐδίδασκεν ἐν τῇ συναγωγῇ, ὡς ἐκπλήσσεσθαι αὐτοὺς καὶ λέγειν· πόθεν τούτῳ ἡ σοφία αὕτη καὶ αἱ δυνάμεις· οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τοῦ τέκτονος υἱός; οὐχ ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ αἱ ἀδελφαὶ αὐτοῦ πᾶσαι πρὸς ἡμᾶς εἰσι; πόθεν τούτῳ ταῦτα πάντα; ἐὰν μὲν οὖν τοὺς ἐν τῷ μετὰ χεῖρας λεγομένους υἱοὺς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ τούτοις εἶναι ἐκλάβοιμεν, ἀνάγκη τὴν ἁγίαν παρθένον μητέρα φάναι γεγονέναι τῶν λοιπῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ.

Ἀλλ’ ἐπιφαίνεται Ἰάκωβος ὁ χρηματίσας αὐτοῦ ἀδελφὸς οὐκ ἀπεξενωμένος αὐτοῦ γεγονὼς, οὐδὲ ἀλλότριος τῆς εἰς αὐτὸν πίστεως, εἷς δὲ τῶν σφόδρα γνησίων αὐτοῦ μαθητῶν· ὡς καὶ τὸν θρόνον ἀναδέξασθαι πρῶτον τῆς ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις ἐκκλησίας. καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ δὲ αὐτοῦ ἀδελφοὶ, εἰ καὶ τὰ μάλιστα κατ’ ἀρχὰς οὐκ ἐπίστευον εἰς αὐτὸν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ ταῦτα δῆλοί εἰσι πιστεύσαντες. ἱστορεῖ δ’ οὖν τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, ὡς ἄρα ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ εἱστήκεισαν ἔξω ζητοῦντες λαλῆσαι αὐτῷ. καὶ ἐν ταῖς Πράξεσι δὲ τῶν ἀποστόλων λέλεκται, ὡς ἄρα ἦσαν οἱ ἀπόστολοι κοινῇ πάντες προσκαρτεροῦντες τῇ προσευχῇ σὺν Μαριὰμ τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς αὐτοῦ. πῶς οὖν δύναται τούτοις ξένος εἶναι νομίζεσθαι; ὥστε μὴ χώραν ἔχειν περὶ τούτων λέγεσθαι τὸ,

Ἀπηλλοτριωμένος ἐγενήθην τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου,

καὶ ξένος τοῖς υἱοῖς τῆς μητρός μου.

Οὐ γὰρ ἦν τούτων ξένος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄγαν τίμιος· ὡς μηκέτι τοὺς προλεχθέντας αὐτοῦ ἀδελφοὺς υἱοὺς εἶναι τῆς Μαρίας ἡγεῖσθαι, ἕτεροι δ’ ἂν εἶεν παρὰ τούτους οἱ διὰ τοῦ ψαλμοῦ λεγόμενοι υἱοὶ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ, οἷς ξένος ἐγενήθη.

Νοήσεις δὲ μητέρα μὲν τὴν τῶν Ἰουδαίων συναγωγὴν καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν κατὰ σάρκα συγγένειαν τῶν ἐκ περιτομῆς· υἱοὺς δὲ τῆς τοιαύτης μητρὸς τοὺς ἀρνησαμένους αὐτὸν, καὶ εἰρηκότας· τοῦτον δὲ οὐκ οἴδαμεν πόθεν ἐστίν· διὸ ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς, ἐπειδὴ ξένον αὐτὸν ἐνόμιζον· διὰ τί τὴν λαλιὰν τὴν ἐμὴν οὐ γινώσκετε; ὅτι οὐ δύνασθε ἀκούειν τὸν λόγον τὸν ἐμόν. ξένον δὲ αὐτὸν πάλιν ἡγοῦντο λέγοντες· οὐ καλῶς ἡμεῖς λέγομεν ὅτι Σαμαρείτης εἶ σὺ, καὶ δαιμόνιον ἔχεις; διὸ ἔλεγε πρὸς αὐτούς· ἐγὼ ἐλήλυθα ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ πατρός μου, καὶ οὐ λαμβάνετέ με· ἐὰν ἄλλος ἔλθῃ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τῷ ἰδίῳ, ἐκεῖνον λήψεσθε.

Οὕτω τοίνυν ξένος καὶ ἀλλότριος γέγονε τοῖς υἱοῖς τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ. ταῦτα δὲ πάντα ὑπέμενεν διὰ τὴν ἐπιλεγομένην αἰτίαν, ἣν ἀναγκαίως παρίστησι λέγων·

Greek Text courtesy of:

Source

Cordula Bandt (Editor), Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften / Magali Coullet (Editor)

Status of edition

Preview/Preliminary edition (work in progress!)

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